Tbh, I’m quite addicted to solving this at this point… but I think I finally found the problem!
I was linking csound 6.15 with csoundandroid 6.16. Or at least that’s one change I’ve made and now and also defining MYFLT as float in the csound.h.
It plays the sound 
!
Completely at a wrong pitch.
But that’s also discussed here I saw:
For me it’s more like 22000Hz, as it plays the pitch way too low.
And it still crashes. But I’ve turned it into an instrument. When triggering it multiple times, you can kind of reset everything and it crashes later. But also when the FMOD event ends, it crashes. Everthing without an error…
But it’s nevertheless a good step. I’m ignoring now the crash and look into the effect, maybe by trying to get the filereading, which might not work, even though I have the path correctly set. I’ve no clue if this is also a thing with permissions, as I’m always getting a read permission warning, every time csound gets loaded.
I’ll update once again when I find sth out.